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TwiddleLab / Math / Vectors and Matrices

Recipes of Arrows: Linear Combinations

Lesson 5 of 12 · 7 min · Free, no account needed

What you will learn

  • A linear combination of a and b is a recipe s a + t b: stretch each, then add tip to tail.
  • If a and b point along different lines, recipes reach every point of the plane.
  • If they lie on one line, every recipe stays on that line.

Start the lesson

How the lesson goes

  1. Your game has only two moves: a jump and a dash. Can you reach every spot on the map?

    You may use each move any amount, even backwards.

  2. Mix the jump and the dash to reach each star.

    s says how much jump, t how much dash. The path is drawn tip to tail.

  3. Now the dash is broken. Can you still reach the star?

    Try a few recipes. Then fix it.

  4. A recipe of arrows has a name.

    s a + t b is a linear combination of a and b. Here 2a + 1b = (3, 3).

    If a and b point along different lines, there is a recipe for every point.

    If they lie on one line, every recipe stays on that line.

  5. Whole plane or just one line?

    Each card has two moves. Tap a card, then the bin.

    Two arrows on one line are multiples of each other, so every mix is a multiple too.

  6. Design your own two moves.

    They must reach the whole map: not on one line.

    Two arrows that are not multiples of each other reach the whole plane.

  7. Game: flag hunt with your two moves.

    Find a recipe that lands in each ring. Fewest lever moves wins.

  8. AI stores words as arrows. Recipes of them carry meaning.

    Where does king - man + woman land?

    king - man + woman = (6, 5) - (5, 1) + (1, 1) = (2, 5), the point of queen.

  9. What is the first part of 3 · (1, 2) + 2 · (2, -1)?

    s a + t b by parts: 3 × 1 + 2 × 2 = 7 and 3 × 2 + 2 × (-1) = 4.

  10. Two arrows on different lines reach everywhere.

    Paint random recipes with your pair and with the broken pair.

Previous lesson: Stretching Arrows · Next lesson: How Much Together: Dot Product · Part of the course: Vectors and Matrices

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